Discovering Brooke County, West Virginia

Nestled in the northern panhandle of West Virginia, Brooke County offers a rich tapestry of history, scenic beauty, and enduring community spirit. From its early days as a frontier outpost to its role in the state’s industrial development, Brooke County’s story is one of resilience and growth. Today, this county invites visitors and residents alike to explore its landmarks, understand its roots, and experience its distinctive charm.

A Journey Through History

Brooke County was officially established on November 30, 1797, named in honor of Robert Brooke, a former Governor of Virginia. At the time of its founding, the area was part of Virginia, as West Virginia did not achieve statehood until the Civil War era in 1863. Its location along the Ohio River made Brooke County an important crossroads for commerce, communication, and migration.

The county’s history, however, stretches far beyond its official establishment. Before European settlers arrived, the land was home to Indigenous peoples who utilized the Ohio River region for hunting, fishing, and trading. Tribes such as the Shawnee (https://www.legendsofamerica.com/shawnee-indians/) and Delaware (https://delawaretribe.org/home-page/about-the-tribe/) navigated the area’s rolling hills and fertile valleys, leaving behind traces of their culture in the form of artifacts and burial mounds.

When settlers began arriving in the 18th century, Brooke County became a dynamic point of interaction between Native populations and newcomers. This convergence shaped the early character of the region and laid the foundation for its future development.

Wellsburg – The Beating Heart of Brooke County

The county seat of Brooke County is Wellsburg, a charming town situated along the Ohio River. Founded in 1791, Wellsburg was originally known as Charleston to honor Charles Prather, an early settler and prominent figure in the town’s early days. To avoid confusion with other such named towns, in 1816 the town became Wellsburg to honor Prather’s son-in-law.

Wellsburg grew as a hub of trade and innovation. It was here in 1814 that one of the first glass factories west of the Allegheny Mountains was established. The Wellsburg Glass Company helped Brooke County emerge as a leader in the glassmaking industry, a legacy that would continue for decades.

Wellsburg’s historic downtown offers a glimpse into its storied past. Visitors can stroll along its tree-shaded streets and admire well-preserved buildings that date back to the 19th century. Landmark structures, such as the Brooke County Courthouse, stand as monuments to the town’s enduring role in the county’s governance and cultural heritage.

Communities Beyond the County Seat

While Wellsburg is the focal point, Brooke County is home to other vibrant communities, each with its own flavor and history. Follansbee, to the south, developed as an industrial town during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, driven by the rise of the steel industry. Follansbee Steel Corporation, founded in 1902, became a significant employer and contributed to the area’s economic growth.

Then there is Bethany, a small village tucked into the county’s eastern hills. Despite its modest size, Bethany boasts a rich intellectual and cultural legacy, thanks in large part to Bethany College. Established in 1840 by Alexander Campbell, a prominent minister and theologian, Bethany College is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in West Virginia. Its picturesque campus and classic architecture are a source of pride for both the village and the county as a whole.

 

Smaller towns and unincorporated communities like Hooverson Heights and Colliers further contribute to Brooke County’s diversity. These areas often carry the echoes of generations past, from family-run farms to quiet churches that have stood for over a century.

Agriculture and Industry – Pillars of Prosperity

Brooke County’s location along the Ohio River, coupled with its fertile soils, has long made agriculture a vital part of its identity. Early settlers cultivated crops such as corn and wheat, while livestock farming also took root. Although industrialization shifted the county’s economic focus in later years, small-scale farming remains an important part of the local economy and culture.

The rise of industry in the 19th and 20th centuries transformed the county. Steel manufacturing became a dominant force, attracting workers and driving the development of towns like Follansbee. The Ohio River served as a transportation artery, allowing goods to flow in and out of the region efficiently. Factories and mills dotted the landscape, creating a dynamic industrial ecosystem that defined Brooke County’s prosperity for decades.

While the decline of heavy industry has posed challenges, Brooke County’s spirit of innovation endures. Efforts to diversify the local economy have opened up opportunities in technology, tourism, and education, ensuring the county remains resilient in the face of change.

Notable Landmarks and Features

Brooke County is home to several landmarks and attractions that capture its essence. Among these is Wellsburg Wharf, a historic site along the Ohio River that hearkens back to the days when riverboats were the lifeblood of trade and travel. Visitors can enjoy scenic views of the river while reflecting on its pivotal role in the region’s history.

 

 

At the heart of Bethany lies Campbell Mansion, the historic home of Alexander Campbell. The mansion, now a museum, offers insight into the life of the influential minister and the early days of Bethany College. Its beautifully preserved interiors and sprawling grounds make it a must-see destination for history enthusiasts.

Nature lovers will find plenty to appreciate in Brooke County as well. Brooke Hills Park, located a short drive from Wellsburg, offers opportunities for hiking, fishing, and camping. The park’s rolling meadows, shaded woodlands, and peaceful lake create a welcoming retreat for outdoor adventures.

The county also hosts annual events that showcase its culture and community spirit. The Wellsburg Applefest, for example, is a beloved tradition that celebrates the region’s agricultural roots with live music, craft vendors, and, of course, plenty of apple-themed treats.

The Enduring Spirit of Brooke County

Beyond its history and landmarks, Brooke County’s greatest asset is its people. Communities here are bound by a shared commitment to preserving their heritage while also looking toward the future. Whether it’s the bustling streets of Wellsburg, the academic atmosphere of Bethany, or the quiet corners of its rural countryside, Brooke County offers a blend of tradition and progress that is uniquely its own.

For those curious about West Virginia’s northernmost reaches, Brooke County serves as a gateway to both the past and the possibilities ahead. From rich historical narratives to welcoming communities and scenic landscapes, this county invites exploration, reflection, and connection.  For more on West Virginia, visit my Always Free page.